Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion

Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion is a routine surgical procedure used to relieve neck pain caused by narrowing of the space available for the spinal cord. It is commonly performed when spinal stenosis affects multiple levels in the cervical spine. The procedure also helps restore proper spinal alignment by joining two or more bones in the neck.

During surgery, parts of the bony spine causing nerve compression are removed to relieve pressure. Screws are inserted to stabilise the spine and promote fusion, helping to prevent future instability.

The choice between anterior and posterior approaches to surgeries for cervical spine issues should be made after a comprehensive review of the patient’s condition and imaging findings.

Indications for Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion

This surgery is recommended for patients with one or more of the following conditions:

• Intractable pain (Cervical radiculopathy) with failure of conservative management
• Progressive hand clumsiness and gait unsteadiness(Cervical Myelopathy)
• Instability and deformity
• Severe compression on nerves
• Presence of neurological deficits such as numbness or weakness

Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion Procedure

During the procedure, an incision is made over the back of the neck, and the posterior musculature is carefully dissected to exposure the posterior bony aspect of the spine.

Screws are inserted to secure each individual segment of the spine. The screws are linked by vertical rods to minimize motion and to expedite fusion at these segments in an appropriate alignment.

The posterior bony aspect of the spine known as the lamina is removed where spinal cord compression is present. This process relieves the constriction of the spinal cord caused by posterior elements of the spine.

Due to the curvature of the spine, removal of bony spurs and lamina bone from the posterior aspect of the spine provides space for the nerves and allows a “bowstring” effect. This results in an indirect decompression of anterior elements that cause constriction.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

After Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion surgery, patients typically have a short hospital stay for pain management and monitoring before discharge. Recovery time varies depending on the individual and the extent of the surgery.

Physical therapy usually begins soon after surgery to help restore neck strength, flexibility, and function. Rehabilitation focuses on improving posture, reducing stiffness, and supporting proper healing of the fused vertebrae. Patients are generally advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities during the initial recovery period.